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C1811
Carte Generale De La Nouvelle Hollande No. 1
The first issue of the first complete chart of Australia from the accounts of Nicholas Baudin’s voyage of exploration that completed the charting of the southern coast. It also includes the earlier Dutch discoveries and those made by Cook on … Read Full Description
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Details
Full Title:
Carte Generale De La Nouvelle Hollande No. 1
Date:
C1811
Condition:
Repaired tear to upper right fold, minor wear at centre, otherwise in good condition, with folds as issued.
Technique:
Copper engraving.
Image Size:
743mm
x 492mm
Paper Size:
852mm
x 564mm
AUTHENTICITY
Genuine antique
dated:
1811
Description:
The first issue of the first complete chart of Australia from the accounts of Nicholas Baudin’s voyage of exploration that completed the charting of the southern coast. It also includes the earlier Dutch discoveries and those made by Cook on the East Coast.
Superbly embellished with the French Imperial Eagle holding a title banner above a view with ships and native wildlife. Nicholas Baudin was instructed to complete a detailed cartographic survey of the Australian coast and was placed in command of two ships, the Geographe and the Naturaliste. Some twenty-four scientists accompanied the voyage, including the naturalists Francois Peron and Charles Alexandre Lesueur and the cartographer-surveyor Louis Freycinet.
After setting sail in October 1800, Baudin sighted Cape Leeuwin on 27 April 1801 and three days later, Geographe Bay. He then sailed north in the Le Geographe and, after examining the coast as far as Cape Leveque, sailed on to Timor where he arrived on 21 August. Le Naturaliste, captained by Jacques Hamelin, joined the Geographe after having also explored the west coast. The two ships then left Timor to complete the survey of Australia’s southern coast, arriving off Van Diemen’s Land on 13 January 1802 and surveying the D’Entrecasteaux Channel for more than a month before sailing north towards Banks Strait. Baudin then made a survey westward from Wilson’s Promontory, naming the coast Terre Napoleon. In Encounter Bay, he crossed paths with Matthew Flinders who was undertaking his own survey of the coast. After making their way to Sydney, the Naturaliste returned to France and Baudin acquired a new ship, the Casuarina, of which Freycinet was made commander. Baudin then returned to Timor before sailing to Mauritius where he died on 16 September 1803. The Freycinet chart of Australia has the coast west of Wilson’s Promontory named ‘Terre Napoleon’ and includes place names in French, ignoring most of Flinders’s charting and attributions which were not published until 1814, as he had been imprisoned in Mauritius for six years.
Sequence of the two published issues of this map.
First : The map was first issued in 1811 in the second part of the atlas of; Voyage de decouvertes aux terres australes: historique. This issue of the map is identified by the multiple folds.
Second : The map was next issued in 1812 without any changes, in the atlas titled: Voyage de Descouvertes aux Terres Australe This issue of the map is identified by the single fold at centre.
There is a third totally different reduced version of Freycinet’s chart of Australia which is also dated 1808 below the title which was issued in 1824. The map is found in the second edition of the Partie Historique. This version is from a newly engraved plate and is identified from the original version of the map by the removal of the word Generale from title, its much smaller size (300mm x 460mm), the removal of the elaborate title cartouche at lower left, and with extensive changes made by Freycinet to the nomenclature of the southern coast acknowledging the discoveries made by Flinders, Grant and Murray.
References:
Ferguson, J. A. Bibliography of Australia Volumes 1-8, Canberra 1976 : : 449.
Hill, J. The Hill Collection of Pacific Voyages. San Diego 1974 : :: 229.
Sabin, J. A Dictionary of Books Relating to America, from its Discovery to the Present Time. New York. (1936) 1967 : : 60998.
Tooley, R.V. The Mapping of Australia. London 1979 : : 610.
Nissen, C. Die illustrierten Vogelbucher. Stuttgart 1995 : ZBI 3120.
Monglond, A. La France revolutionnaire et imperiale: annales de bibliographie .. Geneva, 1930-78 : VII, 675 ff.
Wantrup, J. Australian Rare Books Vol. I. 2023″ pp.197-206, ill. p.200
Collections:
Bibliotheque Nationale de France: ark:/12148/bpt6k74602q
Biodiversity Heritage Library: Call Number DU99 .P45
Silent World Foundation, Sydney.: SF001498
State Library New South Wales: RB/DQ990A/71* , Q81/22 , Q81/13
Louis Claude de Saulces de Freycinet (1779 - 1841)
Louis de Freycinet (1779-1841) Freycinet made the published the first map to show a full outline of the coastline of Australia. He was in command of the Uranie, which left Toulon on 17 September 1817. His wife Rose had been smuggled aboard, and her presence was acknowledged by the time they reached Gibraltar. They made the usual French passage via Tenerife, Rio, the Cape of Good Hope and Mauritius, where Louis was reunited briefly with his brother Henri, then serving as the Governor. The Uranie reached Shark Bay on 12 September 1818 and spent some time there, setting up an observatory and making further thorough surveys of the inlets and coast; it was during this visit that Freycinet also finally removed the Vlamingh plate. From Western Australia they headed to Coupang in Timor, and crossed to Dili, where the expedition was received in great state by the Governor. The vessel then picked its way northeast via Amboina, Pisang, Rawak and the coast of New Guinea, reaching Guam in mid-March 1819. The expedition stayed in Guam for eleven weeks before heading to Hawaii, which was first sighted on 5 August; they anchored in Kealakekua Bay three days later. They spent an important fortnight in the islands, making stays at Lahaina and Honolulu, and meeting any number of important figures there. From Honolulu they headed towards New South Wales, passing Samoa and the Cook Islands and naming “Rose Island”, which Freycinet erroneously thought a new discovery. They anchored in Port Jackson on 18 November, and spent a busy month in the bustling town, the growth of which astonished Freycinet. All of his savants set off to make surveys, including the important group of Quoy, Pellion and Gaudichaud, who crossed the Blue Mountains. It became a hectic social visit for Louis and Rose, who were fêted by Sydney society, and who cemented friendships with local luminaries like Barron Field and William Bland. The visit confirmed Freycinet’s interest in the region, which he would later make the subject of a detailed section in his voyage account. Leaving Port Jackson on Christmas Day, Freycinet sailed around the southern coast of New Zealand, making a fast passage to Cape Horn, where boisterous weather drove him into the southern Atlantic, and he made the decision to make urgently-needed repairs to the Uranie at “French Bay” (now Berkeley Sound) on the eastern coast of the Falklands. While entering the harbour on 14 February 1820 he struck submerged rocks, compelling him to beach the vessel, which was found to be irreparably damaged. Salvaging as much as they could from the wreck, the French set about sending a longboat to Montevideo for assistance, but before they could the sealing vessel General Knox, Captain Horn, came into sight. Reluctant negotiations were begun but before an agreement was reached, another vessel the Mercury, Captain Galvin, arrived, and it was on this second vessel that a passage to Rio de Janeiro was booked. Conflict between the French and the existing passengers, a group of Chilean rebels, meant that the deal changed, and Freycinet actually purchased the Mercury and agreed to disembark Galvin and the Chileans in Montevideo. On 8 May Freycinet took command, immediately and renamed the ship the Physicienne, and it was on this vessel that the expedition returned to Le Havre on 13 November 1820, after around three years at sea. Freycinet spent the next two decades co-ordinating and writing the official narrative of the voyage.
