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C1783
Carte des declinaisons et inclinaisons de L’aiguille aimantee redigee d’apres la table des observations magnetiques faites par les voyageurs depuis l’annee 1775.
Mapmaker:
A reduced version of the large scale maps that accompanied Buffon’s treatise on magnetism and magnets by Jean-Charles Borda a French cartographer, mathematician, physicist, political scientist, and mariner. Australia and New Zealand shown with the discoveries made by James Cook … Read Full Description
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Full Title:
Carte des declinaisons et inclinaisons de L’aiguille aimantee redigee d’apres la table des observations magnetiques faites par les voyageurs depuis l’annee 1775.
Date:
C1783
Mapmaker:
Engraver:
Jean Baptiste Poirson
(1760 –
1831)
Condition:
Folds as issued, otherwise in good condition.
Technique:
Image Size:
415mm
x 375mm
AUTHENTICITY
Genuine antique
dated:
1783
Description:
A reduced version of the large scale maps that accompanied Buffon’s treatise on magnetism and magnets by Jean-Charles Borda a French cartographer, mathematician, physicist, political scientist, and mariner. Australia and New Zealand shown with the discoveries made by James Cook on his first voyage 1768-1771 are shown as are some of the earlier Dutch discoveries. Interestingly only a fine dotted lines for the as yet undiscovered southern coast and the western and eastern limits of Bass Strait are marked. In 1784 Borda was appointed as France’s Inspector of Naval Ship building, and with the assistance of the naval architect Jacques-No�l San� in 1786 introduced a massive construction programme to revitalise the French navy. The French voyages of scientific discovery and exploration in the Pacific and Australian waters in the late C18th and early C19th were a direct result of the success of this program.
Jean-Charles de Borda (1733 - 1799)
Borda was a French mathematician, physicist, and sailor. He was elected to the French Academy of Sciences in 1764. for his Mémoire sur le mouvement des projectiles. Borda was a mariner and a scientist, spending time in the Caribbean testing out advances in chronometers. He entered the French Navy as an engineer, making improvements to waterwheels and pumps. He was appointed as France's Inspector of Naval Shipbuilding in 1784, and with the assistance of the naval architect Jacques-Noël Sané in 1786 introduced a massive construction programme to revitalise the French navy based on the standard designs of Sané. In 1770, Borda formulated a ranked preferential voting system that is referred to as the Borda count. The French Academy of Sciences used Borda's method to elect its members for about two decades until it was quashed by Napoleon Bonaparte who insisted that his own method be used after he became president of the Académie in 1801. The Borda count is in use today in some academic institutions, competitions and several political jurisdictions. The Borda count has also served as a basis for other methods such as the Quota Borda system and Nanson's method. In 1778, he published his method of reducing Lunar Distances for computing the longitude, still regarded as the best of several similar mathematical procedures for navigation and position-fixing in pre-chronometer days. Another of his contributions is his construction of the standard metre, basis of the metric system to correspond to the measurements of Delambre. As an instrument maker, he improved the reflecting circle and the repeating circle.
