C1636

Insularum Moluccarum Nova descriptio

Rare c.17th hand coloured English text edition of this famous map of the Spice Islands from the Mercator-Hondius-Jansson Atlas. The map locates and names all of the islands: Ternate, Tidore, Motir,and Makian. This English text edition was only published in … Read Full Description

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S/N: ASI-1636-HOND-JANS-1:341.2-(95)-91–184283
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Details

Full Title:

Insularum Moluccarum Nova descriptio

Date:

C1636

Condition:

In good condition, with centre fold as issued.

Technique:

Hand coloured copper engraving.

Image Size: 

490mm 
x 383mm

Paper Size: 

570mm 
x 482mm
AUTHENTICITY
Insularum Moluccarum Nova descriptio - Antique Map from 1636

Genuine antique
dated:

1636

Description:

Rare c.17th hand coloured English text edition of this famous map of the Spice Islands from the Mercator-Hondius-Jansson Atlas.

The map locates and names all of the islands: Ternate, Tidore, Motir,and Makian.

This English text edition was only published in 1636, 1638 and 1641 and is identified by the page numbers 423-424 on the verso.

The map features a decorative title cartouche supported by a pair of exotic fish, galleons, sea monsters, two compass roses and a pair of natives.

Much of the new interest for maps of the East Indies was generated by the publication of Linschoten’ Itinerario (1596) which for the first time, revealed detailed secret Portuguese information on the trading routes to the East and importantly the exact location of the Spice Islands. These islands were the only known source of cloves, nutmeg and mace and became enormously lucrative for the VOC which was formed as a direct result of Linschoten’ accounts. The VOC, like the Portuguese before them, attempted to maintain secrecy over their navigational information that was collected directly from their ships sailing to and from the East. Captains provided detailed sailing charts and voyage logs to the VOC administration in Batavia, who would make additions to existing charts or draw new ones if necessary. The VOC were always endeavouring to make their operations more efficient and by regularly updating charts provided added security for their ships. By 1617, all VOC ships sailing to the Indies were instructed to use the new route pioneered by Hendrik Brouwer in 1611 that utilised the strong westerly winds known as the Roaring Forties. These instructions, known as the Seynbrief, was to have important consequences for the charting of the Australian coast. After rounding the Cape, Dutch ships were required to sail south to latitude 35- 44S and after finding the winds, sail eastwards for at least 1,000 nautical miles before turning due north for the Sunda Straits. Importantly, further instructions in the Seynbrief stated ‘ on the other hand one alters course before covering 1,000 miles, one is running the risk of being driven off course to the shores of Sumatra. Because of the south easterly winds which blow in that region from April to October inclusive, one is likely to be becalmed there for a long time’.(Schilder p.58) Ship captains faced several challenges, not least of which was the inaccurate process for measuring longitude involving the use of a knotted rope with a log at the end thrown into the sea while the ship sailed and timed with an hour glass. The new Brouwer route forced ships to sail close to the Australian coast before turning north. It was inevitable that some Dutch ships sailing in accordance with the Seynbrief would find themselves off course and make contact with the Western Australian coast as they sailed for the Indies. References: Parry p.107-108

In 1629, upon the death of Jodocus Jr., the Hondius family sold approximately forty copper plates to Blaeu, a transaction they were soon to regret.

Blaeu replaced the attribution to Hondius with his own name and published many of the maps, including the one of the Moluccas, in his Atlantis Appendix of 1630. To remain competitive, the Hondius-Jansson family commissioned two engravers to prepare thirty-six new plates one of these being this map of the Moluccas, newly issued in the 1633 French edition of their Atlantis Maioris Appendix.

References:
van der Krogt, P. Globi Neerlandici: The Production of Globes in the Low Countries. Amsterdam 1993 :: 1:341.2 (95) 9I / [8560:1].
Parry, D. The Cartography of the East Indian Islands Insulae Indiae Orientalis. London 2005 :: p.105, pl. 4.19 (French edition 1633?) French edition were published 1633, 1638-44) 1639, 1646-49, 1652-58..
Suarez, T. Early Mapping of Southeast Asia. Singapore 1999 :: p.201, ill. fig.114 (text edition not noted).


Collections:
National Library Australia: Bib ID: 587943 (French edition 1636?) French edition were published 1633, 1638-44) 1639, 1646-49, 1652-58.

Henricus Hondius II (1597 - 1651)

Youngest son of Jodocus Hondius I, Dutch cartographer, engraver, and publisher, whose career represents the continuation and consolidation of the great cartographic enterprise initiated by his father, Jodocus Hondius I, and sustained in partnership with Jan Janssonius. Born in Amsterdam into a family of leading mapmakers, Henricus was educated within an environment deeply immersed in the geographical sciences, engraving, and the commercial publishing of atlases. His early training under his father’s direction provided him with technical mastery in both copperplate engraving and the compilation of geographical sources, disciplines that would underpin his later achievements. Following the death of his father in 1612, Henricus, together with his brother Jodocus II, assumed responsibility for the family’s publishing business. During the 1620s and 1630s, he worked in close collaboration with Jan Janssonius, who had married into the Hondius family. Their partnership culminated in the expansion and reissue of the Atlas Novus, a project that significantly enhanced and revised the cartographic legacy of Gerardus Mercator. Henricus’s contributions included the refinement of map plates, the addition of new geographical data drawn from contemporary explorations, and a distinctive stylistic sensibility in engraving that lent the Atlas both clarity and elegance. His editions of the Atlas Novus were notable for their technical precision and for the inclusion of regional maps that reflected the geopolitical realities of early c.17th Europe. The collaboration between Hondius and Janssonius effectively challenged the dominance of the Blaeu publishing house, marking a period of intense competition that advanced the overall quality of Dutch cartography. Beyond his role as a mapmaker, Henricus Hondius II was also an engraver of portraits and frontispieces, displaying an aesthetic sensibility that complemented his scientific rigour. His meticulous attention to typographic and decorative detail became a hallmark of the Hondius-Janssonius atlases. Henricus’s death in 1651 marked the end of a significant chapter in the Hondius lineage, yet his influence persisted through subsequent atlas editions that continued to bear his name. His career embodies the synthesis of artistry, technical skill, and scientific ambition that defined the Dutch Golden Age of cartography.

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Johannes Janssonius (1588 - 1664)

Janssonius also known as Jan Jansson was a Dutch cartographer, the son of a printer and bookseller. In 1612 married into the cartographically prominent Hondius family of map makers. Following his marriage he moved to Amsterdam where he worked as a book publisher. It was not until 1616 that Jansson produced his first maps, most of which were heavily influenced by Blaeu. In the mid 1630s Jansson partnered with his brother-in-law, Henricus Hondius, to produce his important work, the eleven volume Atlas Major. About this time, Jansson's name also begins to appear on Hondius reissues of notable Mercator/Hondius atlases. Jansson's last major work was his issue of the 1646 full edition of Jansson's English Country Maps. Following Jansson's death in 1664 the company was taken over by Jansson's brother-in-law Johannes Waesberger. Waesberger adopted the name of Jansonius and published a new Atlas Contractus in two volumes with Jansson's other son-in-law Elizée Weyerstraet with the imprint 'Joannis Janssonii haeredes' in 1666. These maps also refer to the firm of Janssonius-Waesbergius. The name of Moses Pitt, an English map publisher, was added to the Janssonius-Waesbergius imprint for maps printed in England for use in Pitt's English Atlas.

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